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Muslims' Contributions to Science Islam encourages elevation of humanity at large through all essential means like science and technology. Muslims had understood this concept and worked hard to explore, discover, and invent in the field of science. Throughout history Muslims made immense contributions in cosmology, cosmography, geography, natural history, physics, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, alchemy, philosophy, law and architecture. The following is a glimpse of their contributions to science and civilization in these different areas. For more information on the topic read about Muslim Scientists who have influenced the progress of mankind. MEDICINE: -Development of psychotherapy and other therapeutic methods. -Research work on smallpox and measles. -Production of medical treatment and medical drugs. -Extensive research on properties of scores of drugs. -Distinguished mediastinitis from pleurisy. -Recognized the contagious nature of disease and ability of disease to spread to water and soil. -Discover the existence of blood capillaries. -Use and discussion of animal psychology and physiology. -Constructed magnificent, well organized, and well equipped hospitals that, at that time, were unrivaled in the world and whose doors were open for all the public. -Provided the first detailed study of the human eye. CHEMISTRY & PHARMACY -Discovered the use of chemistry for medical purposes. -Establishment of the first apothecary shop. -Production of the first pharmacopeadia. -The first to discover and identify three chief acids : nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric. -Discovered the arts of distillation, crystallization, and oxidation. -Classified substances into mineral, vegetable, and animal origin. PHYSICS -Discovered principle of inertia. -Used and implemented experimental physics. -Used hydrostatic balance. -Discussed phenomena of the expansion of flat objects. -Transformed the study of optics. -Provided the first optical study of the eye ball. -Discovered the reflection of light in the anatomy of the eye and the formation of image in the retina. MATHEMATICS -Introduced Arabic numerals on basis of Indian numbers. (Actually the numbers used in the west are originally Arabic numbers that were used to replace the roman numerals). -Discovered fractions. -Invented logarithms. -Invented the science of Algebra. (Algebra is an Arabic word meaning binding together). -Revived the science of trigonometry and discovered the laws of sine's and cosine's. -Related geometry with algebra and sought geometric solutions for Algebraic problems. GEOGRAPHY & ASTRONOMY -Muslim geographers contributed their works on physical, mathematical, topographical, regional, human, historical, descriptive, and specific geography -They considered the earth as spherical in shape, divided into two equal parts the equator, and having 360 degrees of circumference, with 90 degrees from the equator to each pole. (which is the modern geographical view of the earth) -Established, correctly, the circumference of the earth. -Measured the length of the earth and terrestrial degrees. -Devised latitudinal and longitudinal tables for places throughout the world. -Made detailed study of solar and lunar eclipses and contributed major works on astronomy. |
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You should watch a documentary called Islam: Empire of Faith. It's 3 hours long. Unfortunately, i didn't have a chance to watch it all but the little i saw was very good. I'm planning to buy it soon. http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/innoalgebra.html
Another link: http://www.islamicmedicine.org/history.htm |
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Wrong. Pre-Islamic Arabs contributed (emphasis on contributed) to the Sciences and Astronomy. After Islam, they stole the achievements from the countries they conquered and named them their own. For example, many are fooled that our number system was from the Arabs when in fact it came from the Hindus. Unfortunately history books in the west deliberately conceal that part of history to portray Muslims as uneducated people. There's no need to conceal anything in history books. In the majority of Islamic societies today, you still live in the 7th century. The poverty that Muslims suffer from has nothing to do with religion and everything to do with the dictators who rule those countries. And who follow Islamic laws as set-forth in the Quran and Haddiths. |
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http://www.answering-islam.org.uk/Science/index.html
__________________
Diderot: A deist is someone who has not lived long enough to become an atheist. |
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