just physics

[justin1987]

ok, if u think u know better{no offence meant} can u express the right expression as wanted?

[Akrider]

Y = Q + R assuming 100% efficiency

Y amounts to the total amount of energy in this sytsem. X and P are constants that have no relationship to Y,Z,Q and R. All other relationships can be figured algebraicly assuming for the sake of simplicity perfect efficiency and no mico-scale losses to atmospheric friction.

[Akrider]

Hey Justin I just wanted to add that I realy liked this thread you should post more like it.

[justin1987]

well hi there. congracts for the tr, but i do thik u miss understood the questions. in this case there is nothing which is related to efficiency. =). nevertheless, u may try again.
thaks for liking my thread. all physics lovers and intellets will surey ind it a paradise. u are welcome also to post ur questions, if u like.furthermore, i woul ask u to visit my chemestry and mathematics sites as well, they are quite interesting too.
by the way i'll be posting another question sometime next week on radioactivity. so, keep posted!

[justin1987]

explain that if from an element x an alpha is liberated followed by two consequent beta particles, the resultant element is just an isotope of the former element x.

also, explain why gamma particles are liberated and why dont they affect the mass no. and atomic no. of an element.

another question: state how alpha beta and gamma particles can be detected.

[RootDBA]

Originally posted by justin1987
explain that if from an element x an alpha is liberated followed by two consequent beta particles, the resultant element is just an isotope of the former element x.

also, explain why gamma particles are liberated and why dont they affect the mass no. and atomic no. of an element.

another question: state how alpha beta and gamma particles can be detected.

Justin, what you have described here is not strictly true.

If an atom emits an alpha particle (in effect the nucleus of a Helium atom) then it’s atomic number decreases by two (with the loss of two protons). Thus Uranium 235 (atomic number 92) decays to Thorium 234 with an atomic number of 90.

Similarly, when an atom ‘decays’ by emitting a Beta particle (an electron) a neutron in the original atom decays into a proton, the Beta particle (which is the emitted) and an anti-neutrino. Thus, Rhenium 187 decays to Osmium 187 (and the atomic number increases from 75 for Rhenium to 76 for Osmium).

Now Gamma radiation is a little different. Firstly, there are no atoms that emit JUST Gamma radiation, it is associated with atoms that also emit one of the other forms or radiation.

What happens here is that an atom that has emitted one of the other forms of radiation has a nucleus that is in an ‘excited’ state. Rather than emit either an Alpha particle or Beta particle, it reduces its energy level by emitting a gamma ‘ray’. Thus Cobalt 60 ‘decays’ to Nickel 60 (by emitting a Beta particle) and then a Gamma ‘ray’. So the atomic number of an atom that emits Gamma radiation does not change because it has emitted Gamma radiation, but because the production of Gamma radiation was proceeded by one of the other forms of radiation (Alpha/Beta).

There are two common forms of ‘radiation detectors’: Sodium Iodide and a Gas detector. The latter works on the principal that radiation has an ionising effect, and so if a gas tube is given an electric charge, then the ionising effect can be detected by variations in the current.

The Sodium Iodide detector works on the principal that radiation interacts with this compound and causes a photon to be emitted, which can then be detected by a photo multiplier.

The above explanation is a ‘general’ and incomplete explanation- for to properly explain how radiation occurs is far more technical and was only properly explained with the theories of Quantum Elecetrodynamics and Quantum Chromodynamics- which is not something to easily understand by any stretch of the imagination ! If you want to look into this in more detail, try Richard Feynman’s “QED- The strange theory of light and matter” but even that is quite technical and would require at least a passing knowledge of the principals of Quantum Theory. Still, it is an excellent book, written by the man who actually developed the theory of Quantum Electrodynamics, and who is also a great writer (and never afraid to admit when he doesn’t understand something !). It was for this that he was awarded the Nobel prize for Physics in 1965. He has written several other books, and it would be well worth trying to find them- few writers on Science can match his economy of style and sense of humour.

[Shpulka]

always_alone!
You’ve forgot about the sign.

At the height of 10 meters:

r-z=m*g*(h/2)
-(-q-y)=m*g*(h/2)
F=mg=x=p
r-z=-(-q-y)

Conservation law of a mechanical energy.
Energy of a body never disappears and does not occur, it is only transmuted from one view into another